Knowledge Library

Country-Driven Solutions for Stronger Health Systems

Practical, peer-tested resources developed collaboratively by policymakers and practitioners across JLN member countries — adaptable, actionable, and grounded in real-world experience.

120+Resources Available
30+Member Countries
7Thematic Areas
15+Years of Learning

Health FinancingDigital HealthProvider PaymentPrimary Health CareCOVID-19French Resources
Featured Resources
Digital Health
February 27, 2026
Addressing Public Governance Challenges in Digital Health: Insights from Country Experiences
Guides countries on designing effective digital health governance, drawing on JLN member country experiences from Ghana, India, Kenya, Nigeria, Philippines, Bosnia and Herzegovina, and Ukraine.
Health Financing
January 13, 2026
UHC Primary Health Care Self-Assessment Tool
The UHC Primary Health Care Self-Assessment Tool provides a rapid diagnostic framework for identifying practical policy opportunities in the health system to improve the relationship between health financing and primary health care efforts.
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Primary Health Care

Resilience Benchmarking Tool

The Primary Health care (PHC) Financing for Resilience Benchmarking Tool (The Benchmarking Tool) is PROPEL Adapt’s standardized qualitative approach to assessing country health financing systems for health system resilience in the context of a country’s political context and public financial...

Primary Health Care

Regulation of Primary Health Care

Across Ghana, Morocco, Indonesia, and Kenya, a common challenge emerges: private providers deliver a significant share of primary health care, yet regulatory frameworks lag behind. Licensing and registration systems are improving but remain incomplete, and quality monitoring is consistently the...

Population Targeting

Over the past decade, many low- and middle-income countries have made expanding health coverage a national priority. During 2021, 11 countries took part in the JLN Learning Collaborative on Population Targeting, which focussed on population targeting as a critical component for expanding...

Provider Payment

Primary Healthcare Provider Autonomy

This report describes the experiences of the 14 country members of the collaborative in the following areas: PHC resource flows to primary care providers for various inputs: human resources, medicines, capital expenditure, and operations and maintenance; Strategies for, and experiences with,...

Primary Care Provider Autonomy and Accountability Arrangements

This report describes the experiences of the 14 country members of the collaborative in the following areas:PHC resource flows to primary care providers for various inputs: human resources, medicines, capital expenditure, and operations and maintenance; Strategies for, and experiences with,...

Primary Health Care

Health Systems for Tuberculosis

The purpose of HS4TB Contracting policy primer is to highlight the actions that are needed to create the enabling environment for contracting health services and are relevant to countries considering contracting or looking to improve their existing contracting practices. How these actions are...

French

Outil d’auto-évaluation des soins de santé primaires de la CSU

Les rédacteurs remercient la Fondation Bill et Melinda Gates et la Fondation Rockefeller pour leur généreux financement qui a rendu possible la production de cet Outil d'Auto-évaluation des Soins de Santé Primaires de la CSU. D'autres partenaires ont apporté une expertise technique précieuse et...

Policy Brief: Revision of Health Benefits Packages

Universal Health Coverage (UHC) ensures access to essential health services without financial hardship. A core policy instrument to achieve UHC is a well-defined Health Benefits Package (HBP). HBPs outline covered services, cost-sharing arrangements, and eligible beneficiaries. They guide...

Health Financing

Narrative Summaries on Public Expenditure for Health

The DRM collaborative created narrative summaries to help Ministry of Health policymakers effectively analyze and present evidence-based arguments for investment in health to their Ministry of Finance counterparts using their own budget data and supplemented with global resources. The concise...

Primary Health Care

Medical Audits in India

India drew on its participation in the JLN’s Medical Audits Collaborative and adaptation of the Medical Audit Toolkit to implement a medical audit system that could be decentralized and scaled by India’s states to review claims, identify fraud, and ensure the quality of health services being...

Digital Health

Using Strategic Communications in Nigeria

This case study profiles the use of the Strategic Communications Practical Guide and Strategic Communications Planning Tool in Nigeria. Nigeria's implementation of the Strategic Communications Practical Guide and Strategic Communications Planning Tool to address underlying facilitators and...

Thumbnail for the case study highlighting PCIC in Mongolia
Primary Health Care

Person-Centered Integrated Care in Mongolia

Mongolia's use of the Empanelment Assessment Tool enabled a shift to a person-centered approach for PHC. Linking empanelment to a mobile technology initiative providing team-based PHC home visits has contributed to a national empanelment approach and shifts in health care seeking behavior. This...

Private Sector Engagement Country Regulation Assessments

This report provides an overview of country health regulatory systems, including key economic and political information that can affect the will and ability of stakeholders to regulate the health sector. It also provides information on regulatory actors and institutions that are responsible for...

Primary Health Care

Medical Audits in Malaysia

Malaysia's use of the Toolkit to Develop and Strengthen Medical Audit Systems shaped the operations for a new Medical Audit Section responsible for auditing PeKa B40 claims. The SOPs for the unit support identifying and deterring fraud and review of provider perfomance resulting in improved...

UHC PHC Self-Assessment in Malaysia

Malaysia's use of the JLN UHC PHC Self-Assessment produced findings that were used to improve public private partnerships to increase PHC coverage. This case study profiles the use of the Universal Health Coverage Primary Health Care Self-Assessment Tool in Malaysia. Malaysia piloted this...

Thumbnail image of the cover of "On Prioritizing Health"
Health Financing

On Prioritizing Health: A Background Analysis

This is a set of tools produced by the Domestic Resource Mobilization Collaborative to guide policy dialogues. Policy Dialogue Toolkit Policy Dialogue Toolkit: Compiling Relevant evidence and Technical Resources Policy Dialogue Toolkit: Presenting the Evidence Policy Dialogue Toolkit: Planning...

Thumbnail of page one of the HePRA PDF Tool
Health Financing

Blank HePRA Visualization Tool

Once you have filled out the Health Priority Setting and Resource Allocation (HePRA) Questionnaire for your country, this interactive PDF allows users to assign benchmarks to create a visual for a country's existing health priority setting and resource allocation scores. Don't have an upgraded...

Thumbnail of the first page of the blank HePRA tool
Health Financing

Blank HePRA Questionnaire

This blank questionnaire can be used by you to gather responses on priority setting and resource allocation practices in your country. The Health Priority Setting and Resource Allocation (HePRA) visualization can then be used to create a visual of your country’s health priority setting and...

Cover of Health Priority Setting: A Practitioner's Handbook
Health Financing

Health Priority Setting: A Practitioner’s Handbook

Other related resources include: Health Priority Setting and Resource Allocation (HEPRA) Tool and Database Health Priority Setting and Resource Allocation (HePRA) overview & 10 country summary Health Priority Setting and Resource Allocation Database Blank HePRA Visualization Tool Blank...

Health Financing

Dynamic Inventory of DRM Resources and Efforts

The Dynamic Inventory of DRM Resources and Efforts was created to bridge a gap in the current discourse between Ministries of Health and Ministries of Finance, providing an easy to-access compilation of existing resources, including existing databases of such efforts, case studies, and other...

Cover of the Revisiting Health Financing technical initiative brochure
Health Financing

Revisiting Health Financing Technical Initiative

The Health Financing technical initiative was launched 2016 and is led by the World Bank. This brochure provides an introduction to the JLN, an overview of the initiative’s work, and summaries of the learning collaboratives and exchanges that the initiative has organised.

Thumbnail for the Provider Payment Mechanisms Podcast explaining the who, what, and how of paying for health services for universal health coverage
Provider Payment

Provider Payment Mechanisms Podcast

The Who, What, and How of Paying for Health Services for Universal Health Coverage Welcome to the Provider Payment Mechanisms (PPM) Podcast: The Who, What and How of Paying for Health Services for Universal Health Coverage ↗. This miniseries was created in collaboration with technical experts...

Cover of the Vertical Integration Diagnostic and Readiness Tool
Primary Health Care

Vertical Integration Diagnostic and Readiness Tool

The Vertical Integration Diagnostic and Readiness Tool can help leaders in low and middle-income countries to successfully assess and implement vertical integration policies, programs, and pilots by guiding them through reviews of the overall policies, regulatory and enabling institutional...

Cover of UHC Primary Health Care Self-Assessment Tool
Primary Health Care

UHC Primary Health Care Self-Assessment Tool

The tool, referred to as the “UHC-PHC Self-Assessment Tool,” is a multi-stakeholder survey that helps accomplish the following: Document and assess how health insurance or financial coverage institutions interact with other PHC actors and programs; Identify key areas of improvement and...

Thumbnail of the listing of resources included in the Costing Manual Toolkit
Provider Payment

Costing Manual Toolkit

Developed by the JLN Costing Collaborative, the Costing Toolkit serves as an accompaniment to the Costing of Health Services for Provider Payment: A Practical Manual. The Manual provides tools and templates (found in the Costing Toolkit) based on the day-to-day experiences of a network of...

Cover of Connecting Health Information Systems for Better Health guide
Digital Health

Connecting Health Information Systems for Better Health

Connecting Health Information Systems for Better Health: leveraging interoperability standards to link patient, provider, payor, and policymaker data eBook, developed by PATH for the JLN Information Technology Technical Initiative, is a reference guide for countries wanting to link their...

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